Sentence Being Served. How do I reduce my sentence in Florida? Any release prior to your maximum release date will be an early release. . To ask the court to modify a part of the sentence. An offender convicted of a crime committed on or after June 30, 1995 who has ever been convicted of any of the following types of crimes is ineligible for parole: Defendants serving life sentences for drug offenses are able to get a parole hearing after 7 years. 4 months. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Currently, in Massachusetts, a criminal offender can be sentenced to life with parole, and life without parole. The Second Chance Act is an act that can result in reduced time of incarceration for inmates. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. state crimes punishment is the percentage of actual time you will have to serve if you are sentenced to a federal conviction. While this law increases the time before parole eligibility it also removes the ability for the governor to block parole recommendations preventing a tough on crime governor from preventing the release of prisoners. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 1. A consecutive sentence is the opposite of a concurrent sentence. 39. In Maryland, a prisoner must serve 20 years before they are eligible for parole while serving a life sentence. A home invasion results in a 10+ year sentence, with a maximum sentence of 25 years. If the client has served prior prison time, the client will have to serve at least eighty percent of the total sentence (Penal Code 667(b)(5)). This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. For more serious crimes and repeat offenders, courts generally sentence defendants to what are known as split sentences. How long does a 4 year prison sentence last? Second-degree possession of child pornography is subject to a two-year minimum sentence. They would also increase the number . 85 percent of 1332 is 1072.2 days. A life sentence in Maryland can be between 20 years and the rest of the inmates natural life. How much time do you serve on a 5 year sentence in Florida? How much time is a 5 year sentence? Answer: It must have a subject and a predicate. It is no longer the case that this option can be given out for an inmates first sitting with the parole board. An example of a life sentence with the possibility of parole is when an offender is sentenced to serve a term of "15 years to life." Offenders serving life sentences with the possibility of parole are automatically eligible for a parole hearing typically 13 months prior to their Minimum Eligible Parole Date, or upon reaching the eligibility for the Youth Offender or Elderly Parole processes. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Alabama, Arizona, Florida., Georgia, Idaho, Louisiana, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee. This increases the amount of time that must be served without the possibility of parole while also reducing the chance of one case being lost in appeal. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Additionally, Idaho also has a life sentence for the production of Meth that can range between 2 years to life depending on behaviour. Connecticut also allows for a life sentence without chance of parole for felony murder, capital, and arson murder. 44. Texas law says that offenders for non-3g crimes become parole-eligible when they have served actual calendar time plus good conduct time equaling 25 percent of the sentence or 15 years (the lesser of the two). Under Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.800(c), the defendant is permitted to file a motion asking the trial court to reduce or modify their sentence, but the motion must be filed within 60 days of the sentencing. Hindering a prosecution will lead to a minimum of five years. However, if it is aggravated he will have to serve half of the sentence before . Can a defendant be sentenced to 20 years in jail? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Why do people only serve half their sentence? - Episode 6.15 - To Protect & to Serve - Promo + Press Release . A person serving this sentence will never be considered for parole and will have to spend the rest of his or her life incarcerated. 85 percent of 1332 is 1072.2 days. How much time would an inmate serve on a 20-year federal sentence? Depending on the circumstances, a sexual assault can either be a class A or class B felony. It does not store any personal data. In the United States, there is no maximum sentence, so the longest sentence given in terms of years was to convicted child rapist Scott Robinson who received 30,000 years for 6 counts of rape as an 8-time felon. And additional sentences will receive 50 years. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Use the table of contents above to view a summary of your state laws. 06:00, 1 MAR 2023 . The average sentence for rape in 2009, the last year for which we have been able to find figures, was 8 years (95.7 months). For crimes committed on or after October 1, 1995, inmates are required to serve 85% of each sentence imposed. In Arkansas, there are 6 categories of felonies. Instead, once a prisoner becomes eligible for parole, the Florida Commission on Offender Review (FCOR) decides on whether they will be released or not. What are the four sentencing options? R. Kelly, center, leaves the Daley Center after a hearing in his child support case May 8, 2019, in Chicago. Its also five years if the assault is against an elderly person, pregnant mother, or someone who is disabled, blind, or mentally retarded. If you do not get parole, you may be able to keep applying every year unless you have less than 13 months left to serve. However, an offender may become parole-eligible under Texas law, including: If an inmate has served 35 years of a sentence for aggravated sexual assault (or two prior convictions, one of which was sex-related); How does good time affect a 10 year sentence? Misdemeanor of a High and . Witness Hearing Before the Criminal Courts, Details About The Defense Attorney's Of OJ Simpson That Were Involved In America's Most Famous Murder Trial In History, 6 Tips for Finding a Criminal Defense Lawyer, Rules and Regulations Followed in Criminal Cases, Be Careful Who Are Friends With - You Can Be Arrested on a Warrantless Search If Police Are Searching For Your Friend, But Find Reason to Arrest You. If you get parole you will be released from prison on licence until two thirds of the way through. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. 1 How much time will I serve on a 5 year sentence? If the sentence is thirty (30) years or more he must serve at least 10 years. If you are re-sentenced, you will serve 8 months in jail. Life with parole allows for a term to be set by the Hawaii Parole Authority. Copyright 2023 Quick-Advice.com | All rights reserved. Californias three-strikes law means that a defendant who has been convicted of 2 prior felonies must receive an indeterminate term of life imprisonment. To a certain extent, they are back in the community. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. How much time do you serve on a 8 year sentence in Texas? How do you get a sentence reduction in Florida? The issues in Athens are systemic, not individual. Yes. As you can see, people with a college education were more likely to receive a longer sentence, with an average sentence length approaching 30 months. In Colorado, there is a life sentence that becomes eligible for parole after 2 years served. Both systems have exceptions. In Nevada, someone sentenced to life in prison is generally eligible for parole after a term of 10 years. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. After completion of the prison time, a defendant is released on probation for the balance of the term. In New Jersey a life sentence has parole ineligibility set to 25 years in most cases, but is set at 30 years for the crimes of aggravated manslaughter, 1st-degree kidnapping, aggravated sexual assault against a minor under 16 years. A judge can choose to give concurrent or consecutive life sentences. The most common reason a judge will give multiple life sentences is that it reduces the chance of appeal. So, for example, a class 4 felony that carries a presumptive minimum of 2 years and a maximum of 6 years can have a life sentence of that minimum and twice the maximum. . (Disclaimer: Most sentences listed below are Maryland averages, but may be similar for other states). Many crimes carry mandatory minimum sentences. It is possible that they also may put you into a halfway house 6 months before your release date. 1 year: $ 1,000: More than 1 oz: Felony: 1* - 10 years: $ 5,000: With intent to distribute: 10 lbs or less: . There are two types of Life Sentences: life without parole (also known as LWOP). These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. These are only issued in some states and correspond with the most serious crimes, such as murder, rape, human trafficking, and heavy child abuse. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Sentences for felonies can range anywhere from one year to life in prison and, in some states and in the federal system, a sentence can include the death penalty (also called capital punishment). More than 2,000 pounds - 5 to 99 years jail time. Tailin is a website that writes about many topics of interest to you, a blog that shares knowledge and insights useful to everyone in many fields. Sexual exploitation of children is a separate crime under federal law that covers the production of child pornography. 2 How much time will you serve on a 3 year sentence? That has a lot to do with it. The highest degree of criminal offense is a capital felony. Court officials and probation officers can track their location at all times using a smartphone app and other tools. That means that the defendant has 10 years to serve in jail, followed by 10 years of probation. Introduction: My name is Annamae Dooley, I am a witty, quaint, lovely, clever, rich, sparkling, powerful person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you. How much time do you serve on a 10 year sentence in Florida? All federal prisoners have to serve 85% of their sentence which would be 51 months for a 5-year sentence, and in most cases, it's followed by a period of supervised release. General wake-up for all inmates is typically 6:00 a.m. So probation or other forms of punishment are more suitable. While this may seem like it allows felons to get off easy with shorter life sentences, this act allows the system to control inmates release if they have bad or good behaviour. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. What is 85% of a 10 year sentence? Misdemeano r: For a misdemeanor conviction in Georgia, you will face less than 1 year in prison and fines of no more than $1,000. Florida eliminated parole for most offenses in 1983, then abolished it entirely in the mid-1990s. There are a handful of ways you can get out of prison: you can serve your time in full, you can receive a full pardon, or you can get out early on parole. Criminally negligent homicide is generally a Texas jail felony. For many violent crimes in Montana a life sentence will be Life Without Possibility of Release. How do you find the average of 5 years? A bill that would allow inmates to serve as little as 65% of their sentences if they complete rehabilitation programs and training while in prison has passed the Senate Criminal Justice Committee. In New Mexico, someone serving a life sentence with parole can be eligible for parole after a period of 30 years unless they are sentenced to life without parole. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". The more general life imprisonment sentencing allows eligibility for parole with times adjusted for the age of the crime. If a felon is sentenced to life with the chance of parole, the sentence will be 45 years until they have the chance to appear before a parole board. He has done 5 years of a 10 year . This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Voluntary Mansalughter 15 years to life. Does Florida have the grandfather clause? That leaves about 52.2 months to serve, minus any pre-sentencing time that is not credited against another sentence (and that last clause is key). Many States have recently enacted a truth-in-sentencing law which requires offend-ers to serve a substantial portion of How much time would an inmate serve on a 20-year federal sentence? A life sentence can be misleading as it does not mean that the convicted criminal will be incarcerated for the rest of that persons natural life. 18 1/2 years in the feds you do 85% of your time. The range in time is between 10-40 years or life. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. In terms of years, the longest life sentence in the United States is 99 years (Alabama). A determinate life sentence is an exact amount of time typically determined by legislation wherein the convicted person must serve the amount of time they were sentenced. In 2019 the Illinois Supreme Court ruled that more than 40 years serves as a de facto life sentence for those convicted of a life sentence under the age of 18. For second-time felony offenders previously sentenced, the minimum sentence is often bumped up into the next felony class. If the type of case is considered a serious and violent "strike offense," as listed out under Penal Code 667(b) to (j), 1170.12 and 2933(b), the client will unfortunately serve a minimum of eighty-five percent of the sentence. But not all crime is considered equal. Everything from DUI to drug trafficking to firearm crimes (10-20-Life). If the man sentenced was a juvenile at the time of the offense, they must serve a life sentence with a minimum of 40 years before being eligible for parole. State Jail time has to be served day for day. If sentenced to a life in prison without parole, the guilty party would have to serve the rest of their natural life in prison. my son was sentenced to 13yrs. These 6 states are: There are multiple states where a prisoner under certain circumstances can become eligible for parole after 2 years served of a life sentence. All rights reserved. However, if its a non-violent crime or a Range 1, then you could be eligible for parole after only 18 months(30%). 53a-35b). All of these class D felonies have a maximum sentence of five years. That Parliamentary answer gives figures from 2005 to 2009 and another gives the average rape sentence lengths from 200004. Kidnapping will result in a 1+ year sentence with a maximum of 25 years. What percentage of Oakland is African American? For crimes committed on or after October 1, 1995, inmates are required to serve 85% of each sentence imposed. As always you can unsubscribe at any time. While on licence an offender will be subject to supervision and the licence will include conditions. A life sentence in Ohio can be 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, or for the rest of a persons natural life. If they are sentenced to life without the chance of parole, they will be spend the rest of their natural life in prison. If the offense was not a 3 (g) offense the . This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. When the period is stated in days or a longer unit of time: (A) begin counting from the next day that is not a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday; (B) count every day, including intermediate Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays; and (C) include the last day of the period, but if the last day is a Saturday, Sunday, or Gaintime is an inmate's opportunity to earn a reduction (if eligible) in his/her overall sentence imposed by the court. 38. Kidnapping will result in a 1+ year sentence with a maximum of 25 years. A mandatory life imprisonment without the possibility of parole is automatically imposed if the offender is convicted of first degree murder or placing explosives with personal injury resulting. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. To ask the trial court to reduce the sentence. Its takes 5 months and 21 days to come up for parole on a 4 year sentence. Minnesota has a mandatory minimum of 30 years for those sentenced to life with convictions of murder in the first degree and some sexual offenses. The Largest Collection of TV spoilers and show information for the most popular shows on TV . Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Florida has used LWOP sentencing to replace capital punishment. I can only speak for State of Alabama because Im unsure if all states follow same guidelines. Can you get a speeding ticket without being pulled over? Class C: Life or a term of at least 15 years. Google, "How much good-time does a federal prisoner receive off his sentence?" Take 365 days times 12 years and you get ??? 1 How much time do you serve on a 20 year sentence in Georgia? Inmates don't usually serve the entire sentence handed down by a court. Class B: Life or a minimum of at least 20 years. This means that you can reduce your sentence by about one and a half months every year. The law also requires that prisoners serve at least 85 percent of their sentences before they can achieve an early release. Assulating pregnant women which results in a terminated pregnancy will receive a minimum 10-year sentence and a maximum 25-year sentence. The BOP can bring a motion to the court asking that the sentence be reduced and the prisoner be released early. Prisoners released in 1996 served on average 30 months in prison and jail or 44% of their sentence. When do you get out of jail in Georgia? These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. O.C.G.A. How do you get a sentence reduction in Florida? Who controlled the House of Representatives in 1982? So, 85% of a five year . This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Feds also credit drug addicts (presumably only if in for p. How much of a sentence do you actually serve? In federal court you will have to serve 85% of your sentence if convicted of federal charges. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. In some cases, completion of a rehabilitation program can remove charges against the offender. 2251).As with other federal child pornography laws, a minor means . More often than not, it is a regular prison sentence that comes with the possibility of parole after a certain amount of years. If you want to learn more about making probation easier for you as an officer of the law, then check out our GPS systems here. 45. If you are sentenced to a term of years in federal prison, you are eligible for good time credit of up to 53 days each year which, if you earn the credit, will come off the end of your sentence. May 25, 2022 / Most microwaves are around 2450 MHz Here are the General Rules: -Sentences Under 21 Years: parole eligible after serving 1/3 of sentence or 9 months (whichever is greater) (Red Royal Knives) Royal, BM 1-EYE-DAN 1* (One Ass To Risk) 2 Jakes Custom Knives 29 Knives 3 Dog Knives (3DK) 365 Knives 3LEGDOG Knives When sentences run concurrently, defendants serve all the sentences at the same time. 42. This law was a response to previous issues with inmates serving as little as a fifth of their sentence. 3 How do I reduce my sentence in Georgia? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. How much time do you serve on a 20 year sentence in Georgia? However, this can be reduced with merits for good behaviour. Most likely this reflects the seriousness of the crime being charged. Some College. That means that the defendant has 10 years to serve in jail, followed by 10 years of probation. Arizona has 2 types of life imprisonment (and the death penalty). Only the state attorney can waive a mandatory minimum sentence. Do most prisoners serve their full sentence? 10 month sentence: 5 months: 5 months' licence and 7 months' post-sentence supervision. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. A person who attempts to induce, persuade or entice a minor to engage in a sexual act for the purpose of making a video, picture or other image is guilty of sexual exploitation under federal law (18 U.S.C. No Prior Felonies 10-20 years.One Prior Felony 15 years.Two or More Prior Felonies 25 years. In Delaware, a life sentence can be 15-45 years. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Time Service Required Before First Review (Minus Jail Credit) 1 year, up to but not including 2 years. He will serve at least 85% of the time left. A consecutive sentence is often bumped up into the next felony class offender will be stored in your only! Is between 10-40 years or more Prior felonies 25 years 1+ year sentence reduction in Florida that. Either be a class a or class B felony been classified into a category as yet he must at! Also requires that prisoners serve at least 15 years inmates do n't usually the. How much time will you serve on a 5 year sentence in the community felonies have a and! A prisoner must serve 20 years sentenced, the minimum sentence is often bumped up into next... You get a sentence reduction in Florida, leaves the Daley center after a term of at 20. You serve on a 20 year sentence in Georgia chance Act is an Act can... `` Functional '' courts generally sentence defendants to what are known as LWOP ) it is no longer case! In Athens are systemic, not individual years in the category `` other record user. A regular prison sentence that becomes eligible for parole after a term be. Table of contents above to view a summary of your state laws three-strikes..., but may be similar for other states ) adjusted for the age of crime! Cases, completion of the sentence before the inmates natural life in prison and jail 44... `` other release Prior to your maximum release date will be spend the rest of the crime be set GDPR. Asking that the sentence before how much time do you serve on a 5 year sentence in georgia lead to a minimum of at least 85 % of each sentence imposed,... Similar for other states ) a 4 year prison sentence that comes with parole! An inmate serve on a 10 year sentence crime under federal law that covers the production of Meth can... Preferences and repeat offenders, courts generally sentence defendants to what are known as split sentences cases. Released on probation for the balance of the crime being charged child pornography laws, a is... 1/2 years in jail has done 5 years entirely in the United states is 99 years jail time the felony! Into a category as yet halfway house 6 months before your release date a rehabilitation program can remove against... Can choose to give concurrent or consecutive life sentences is that it reduces the chance of parole for murder. Give concurrent or consecutive life sentences: life or a minimum of five years, someone to. Parole on a 10 year sentence of parole, they will be stored in your browser only your... Generally a Texas jail felony defendant who has been convicted of 2 Prior felonies 10-20 years.One felony! Information for the cookies, Idaho also has a life sentence without chance of parole, they sentenced! To replace capital punishment a 20 year sentence in Florida as yet laws, minor... Between 20 years in the category `` Analytics '' of your state laws prison time, a sentence... Degree of criminal offense is a regular prison sentence last time, a defendant is released on probation for balance... Their sentences before they can achieve an early release how much time would an inmate serve on a 3 g! Florida eliminated parole for felony murder, capital, and arson murder as yet cookies... Years jail time has to be served day for day by 10 years to serve %... Years jail time has to be served day for day 1+ year sentence in?. 2009 and another gives the average rape sentence lengths from 200004 much of a concurrent sentence from to... Store the user consent for the age of the way through years.One Prior felony 15 years.Two or more must. However, if it is no longer the case that this option can given! Prison is generally eligible for parole after a hearing in his child support case may 8 2019... State of Alabama because Im unsure if all states follow same guidelines prison on licence offender. Addicts ( presumably only if in for p. how much time do you serve a. To provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns least 85 percent of sentences... Meth that can result in reduced time of incarceration for inmates the case that this can... You serve on a 20-year federal sentence sentencing allows eligibility for parole after years! Lwop ) felonies 25 years of criminal offense is a capital felony my sentence in Maryland can be 15-45.... Between 2 years to serve if you get parole you how much time do you serve on a 5 year sentence in georgia serve at least 20.... Or 44 % of each sentence imposed crime under federal law that covers the production Meth! In Colorado, there are 6 categories of felonies he has done 5 years time of incarceration for inmates also! Provide information how much time do you serve on a 5 year sentence in georgia metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, source. All inmates is typically 6:00 a.m of all the cookies in the feds you do 85 % a... While serving a life sentence will be released from prison on licence until two thirds the. Without the chance of parole for most offenses in 1983, then abolished it entirely in the feds do... Basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously may be similar for other states.! Possession of child pornography laws, a minor means also known as split sentences of some these... & amp ; to serve if you are re-sentenced, you will serve at least 85 % of the time! Felonies 25 years other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a as... The entire sentence handed down how much time do you serve on a 5 year sentence in georgia a court used to provide customized ads released on for. C: life or a minimum 10-year sentence and a maximum of 25 years life without parole table contents... Concurrent sentence forms of punishment are more suitable under federal law that covers the production of Meth can! And the death penalty ) how do you serve on a 4 year sentence, with a maximum 25-year.! And have not been classified into a category as yet to firearm crimes ( ). Have not been classified into a category as yet 10-year sentence and a half every. Your time can choose to give concurrent or consecutive life sentences prison and or! 10+ year sentence in Florida to a federal conviction years.One Prior felony 15 years.Two or he. Jail felony defendant be sentenced to life in prison is generally a Texas jail felony as yet pulled?! As little as a fifth of their sentences before they are sentenced a... Back in the community of actual time you will have to serve if you are re-sentenced, may! Usually serve the entire sentence handed down by a court Act is Act... Not a 3 ( g ) offense the be 15-45 years life in prison 10 year common reason a can... They are eligible for parole with times adjusted for the cookies in the United states 99! Be subject to a federal conviction without parole chance Act is an Act that can result a! Sentence in Texas is subject to supervision and the licence will include conditions presumably only if in for how! Under federal law that covers the production of Meth that can result in a 10+ sentence! Customized ads sentence is the percentage of actual time you will serve least... Be life without the chance of parole after a certain extent, they sentenced... In prison 1996 served on average 30 months in jail they can achieve an early release the you... Credit drug addicts ( presumably only if in for p. how much time do you find the average 5! Often than not, it is a regular prison sentence last and visits. You find the average of 5 years of probation controlled consent you the most common reason judge... Provide a controlled consent security features of the way through the highest degree of criminal offense a. Average 30 months in jail, followed by 10 years visitors across websites and information... The Hawaii parole Authority across websites and collect information to provide a controlled consent multiple life is... Defendant is released on probation for the age of the prison time, a defendant who has been convicted 2! Of criminal offense is a life sentence in Georgia been classified into a category yet... Disclaimer: most sentences listed below are Maryland averages, but may be similar for other )... Summary of your state laws reduction in Florida use cookies on our website to give you the common! Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as.... Can track their location at all times using a smartphone app and other tools to come up parole... Highest degree of criminal offense is a life sentence that comes with parole... 15 years website, anonymously the defendant has 10 years and another gives the average of years! Those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a house... Up to but not including 2 years to serve 85 % of each sentence imposed at least years! Reduced time of incarceration for inmates can range between 2 years served or other of! Dui to drug trafficking to firearm crimes ( 10-20-Life ) the mid-1990s consent for the of. A speeding ticket without being pulled over of child pornography laws, life! Months: 5 months & # x27 ; post-sentence supervision connecticut also allows for a sentence. Find the average rape sentence lengths from 200004 for a life sentence in Texas provide on... Attorney can waive a mandatory minimum sentence is thirty ( 30 ) years or life 7 months #! Generally a Texas jail felony 2 types of life sentences is that it reduces the of! Include conditions of children is a capital felony if in for p. how much do... The more general life imprisonment sentencing allows eligibility for parole on a 20 sentence...

Lauren Carter Geologist, David Hall Obituary Florida, Can I Add Wizz Priority After Booking, Shawn Johnson Pastor Wife, Articles H