They were in the middle of a major damage control operation. ALAN SCHWARZ, The New York Times: Documents were passed to me at Smith and Wollensky's in Manhattan, in an envelope. I looked. NARRATOR: Mark Lovell was a member of the committee and an author on some of the studies. He was a leader on the team. It really was a turning point. It's not just on the pro level, it's on every level of football. The National Football League, a multibillion-dollar commercial juggernaut, presides over America's . Dr. ROBERT CANTU: You have an 18-year-old with chronic traumatic encephalopathy. . League of denial : the NFL's concussion crisis. ", NEWSCASTER: A true champion who wound up homeless, depressed. NARRATOR: For Chris Harvard, the performance often ended with a blow to the head. LEIGH STEINBERG: The actual logo of Monday Night Football showed helmets hitting together. NEWSCASTER: Terry Long committed suicide by drinking anti-freeze. ROBERT STERN, Ph.D., Neuropsychologist, BU CTE Center: Not everyone who hits their head gets this disease. He now admits there were problems with the research. And he said, "Well, who did we play?" STEVE FAINARU: Very, very quickly, she got serious pushback from Ira Casson and the rest of the committee. He's the one that made the decision to publish papers, no matter whether the reviewers felt they should be published or not, no matter whether the section editor felt they should be published or not. You know, the two sides figured out that that was fair, and they were OK with it. And in fact, when you talk about that later with Fitzsimmons, he describes that as the sort of proverbial smoking gun. And the next thing you know, they are reliving this conversation they'd had five minutes earlier. Dr. BENNET OMALU: Mike looked older than his age. Dr. ANN McKEE: I think, to be truthful, even a selection bias in an autopsy sample, even if the family of an individual who's affected is much more likely to donate their brain than a person who had no symptoms whatsoever given that, we have still been just ridiculously successful in getting examples of this disease. There was just something just about the way she said it. And what does justice look like for the families of the victims? We don't know the concussion history in many of these. The stakes for the NFL are obvious. ALAN SCHWARTZ, The New York Times: It appears as if it ties it up quite nicely. Dr. BENNET OMALU: I came to work one morning and everybody there said, "Hey, we have another case for you." Like, he didn't have that stamina physically. And we're going to figure out whether there's a link.". There was dismissiveness on his part. And how common is this? NARRATOR: 49ers quarterback Steve Young was another one of Leigh Steinberg's clients. NEWSCASTER: ABC News and ESPN have learned exclusively Seau's brain, NEWSCASTER: visible signs of CTE, chronic traumatic encephalopathy. She's done a great job. PAM WEBSTER, Wife: Mike wasn't Mike. No account yet? NARRATOR: As Bailes left the meeting, he ran into New York Times reporter Alan Schwarz. Two ESPN reporters co-wrote the film and a book%2C examining the NFL%27s past handling of concussions. I'm just tired and confused right now, that's why I say I can't really I can't say it the way I want to say it. NARRATOR: At the same time, another force was also causing trouble for the NFL and the commissioner, the wives and widows of players with CTE. Produced by: Michael Kirk. I mean, it was great it was very "Deep Throat" by somebody who shall remain nameless. He's a rheumatologist. NARRATOR: It was young's seventh concussion. MARK FAINARU-WADA: I think the NFL has done an incredible job at marketing itself and turning itself into a spectacle, a sort of cultural part of our lives. PETER KEATING, Reporter, ESPN: A lawyer is not there to offer medical advice. The way the Steelers played the game meshed perfectly with the people. How safe is it for children to play football? STEVE FAINARU: Omalu is a junior pathologist in the Allegheny County coroner's office, but the people he published with were one of the leading Alzheimer's disease experts in the country, one of the leading neuropathologists in the country, and one of the most well-known coroners in the country. The pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation Psychological Association page maker site: list the name a second.. Two ESPN reporters co-wrote the film devotes significant attention to the MLA handbook 8 th edition /a MLA. MICHAEL ORIARD, Center, Kansas City Chiefs, 1970-73: The way the game is played, I don't see how you can eliminate all of those routine hits that linemen make every play. The Hall of Fame center Mike Webster died at the age of 50. If I had not been told his age, I would say he looked like 70. bernie casey wife paula casey. NARRATOR: Eleanor Perfetto was one of them. Reporter James Edwards seeks answers to these questions, reflecting on his own familys experiences along the way. They don't have they don't look at they haven't done this work. STEVE FAINARU: They'd just been hauled before Congress and the commissioner was embarrassed by Linda Sanchez. For a majority of Mike Webster's adult life, he was defined by his work as a professional football player. And I'm thinking I should donate my brain to this work.". My boyfriend's been shot! Films on Demand. "Concussion Watch" tries to answer these questions by tracking every officially reported head injury in the NFL. STEVE FAINARU: He was a steroid user. FOOTBALL ANNOUNCERS: Erenberg touchdown! Bailes delivered Omalu's message: Playing football could cause permanent brain damage. he even bragged about it once on an NFL film. There must be really important variables, genetics, things about the type of exposure to brain trauma people get. If it was ignorance, they should have known. Maybe there should be better evidence by now. And so I called up Chris, like, "What the hell's going on?" NARRATOR: Nowinski made the hard calls, asking families to donate the brain of a deceased loved one. And I intuitively knew that this was not just a football issue, that it was happening to football players in the pros, it was happening in college, it was happening in high school. And there he is. But now the NFL's concussion crisis was again national news. So we continued talking again. He became you know, had irate moments of, you know, violent temper. NARRATOR: As the concussion story received more attention, the coverage helped spark interest in the nation's capital. PBS (Producer). NARRATOR: and in one of the papers, even suggested their research might apply to younger athletes, despite the fact they had not studied high school or college players. Dr. McKee had read Dr. Omalu's research, but she wanted to see for herself. He battled in the pit alongside Mike Webster. I'm, like, "How do I?" And his face brightened and we celebrated again. houston social media influencer Space Is Ace Kindness Over Everything Monsters. What? BROADCAST DIRECTOR: 15 seconds to air. Web Site Copyright 1995-2023 WGBH Educational Foundation. Jon and Jo Ann Hagler on behalf of the Jon L. Hagler Foundation. A text book: The second edition of Psychology and Your Life by Robert S. Feldman written in 2013. How many brain traumas do you need to get this? ELEANOR PERFETTO, Wife of Ralph Wenzel: As the disease progressed, he went from being ill but fairly functional to getting to the point where he could no longer, you know, dress or feed himself. But one person was missing. You'll receive access to exclusive information and early alerts about our documentaries and investigations. ELEANOR PERFETTO: And I said, "I'd like to attend this meeting." Glossary; Forum; pbs frontline special league of denial apa citation. I can spend hours doing it. Writer, Director, Producer, or Host in a parenthesis. I mean, your money's gone. Michael Kirk & Mike Wiser and Steve Fainaru & Mark Fainaru-Wada. That's really what is happening here, right? ANN MCKEE, M.D., Neuropathologist, BU CTE Center: I'm really wondering if every single football player doesn't have this. In-text: (The FRONTLINE Interview: Dr. Bennet Omalu - League of Denial: The NFL's Concussion Crisis - FRONTLINE, 2015) Your Bibliography: FRONTLINE. / 1h 53m. September 30, We strong we strongly deny those allegations that we withheld any information or misled the players. MARK FAINARU-WADA: Five minutes later, they're sitting there, they're continuing to hang out, and Aikman suddenly turns to Steinberg and says, "What am I doing here?" NARRATOR: Dr. McKee had examined thousands of brains, but the location of the damage from CTE was different. Dr. ANN McKEE: And he wanted me to come to the NFL office and present the data. It was happening to every player in every collision sport. But the other piece of it is that the NFL wants to come off as being very forward-looking. NARRATOR: Webster was often unable able to sleep. You know, you really treat it with the utmost respect. CHRIS NOWINSKI, Author of the Book/Film Head Games: We have to get the brain usually within hours of the death. NARRATOR: Long was an offensive lineman with the Steelers for eight years. What's the answer? December 22, NARRATOR: Dr. McKee has now examined the brains of 46 former NFL players. ALAN SCHWARZ: They refused to listen to people who didn't share their opinions about the research, and it was very much, you know, putting a stake in the ground saying everybody else is wrong. MARK FAINARU-WADA, FRONTLINE/ESPN: Dr. Westbrook concurs with everything that the four other doctors have found and agrees that absolutely, there's no question that Mike Webster's injuries are football-related and that he appears to be have significant cognitive issues, brain damage, as a result of having played football. An investigation of the health crisis threatening NFL players and the long-term fortunes of football. I mean, you know, it was part of life. What possible motive? Sacramento, Calif. - Bennet Omalu, a UC Davis clinical professor of pathology who discovered the devastating neurological disease known as chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in the brain of the Pittsburgh Steelers legend Mike Webster, appeared in a PBS Frontline documentary titled " League of Denial: The NFL's Concussion Crisis. That's what we love about the game. MARK FAINARU-WADA: He said, almost identically to what he had said before Congress back in 2009, which was, you know, "We're going to let the medical people decide that.". NARRATOR: On the other side, the NFL's lawyers. And that would scare me. And I said, "The 49ers." ANNOUNCER: He gets it away quickly and finds the tight end over the middle, and it's Heath Miller! And I feel strongly about that, too. ANN McKEE, M.D., Neuropathologist, BU CTE Center: A CBS reporter wanted to know what I thought of the gift of a million dollars. NARRATOR: At home, there were bouts of rage. JUNIOR SEAU: [NFL Films] A perfect hit is when you're faced up, coming one on one, and you hear him go, "Uh" just a little "Uh.". NARRATOR: It was the commissioner himself who kept Perfetto out. I mean, what have I done? It said, you know, "If I get a concussion, am I further at risk for long-term problems?" Dr. ANN McKEE: I was shocked to find that in the brain of this 18-year-old, there were little tiny spots, little tiny areas in the frontal lobe that looked just like this disease. Your pride's gone. NARRATOR: But away from the glamorized hits, there was a darker side. STAN SAVRAN: Football, from the opening kickoff, it's full go. Mark Fainaru-Wada, WRITTEN BY GUULEED MUUMIN UNV 504 Week 2 APA Activity 1 and 2.doc. NARRATOR: Webster's final application for disability contained over 100 pages and the definitive diagnosis of his doctors football had caused Webster's dementia. APA. Ann McKee she cannot tell me where it's starting. Voodoo! NEWSCASTER: settlement between the National Football League and thousands of its former players. You know, there are other issues that we've got to look at. NEWSCASTER: Junior Seau was arrested for domestic violence in Oceanside California early on Monday, NEWSCASTER: Seau accused of hitting his 25-year-old girlfriend, NEWSCASTER: Junior Seau drove his SUV right off a cliff in California, NEWSCASTER: The former pro football star has apparently fallen on hard times. JULIAN BAILES, M.D., Team Neurosurgeon, Steelers, 1988-97: Certainly, we knew that if you got hit on the head so many times, maybe you had a 20 percent chance of having dementia pugilistica if you were a former professional boxer. NARRATOR: A doctor, Omalu was also a trained neuropathologist. Annoyed. NARRATOR: As he had for Webster, Dr. Omalu sectioned part of Long's brain and again had it stained. So I get it. There was no recognition that anything was caused by football. I mean, I think Dad's the only person who could actually, you know, have a medical problem like that and decide to fix it with superglue. And you know, if you're going up against top-flight players who are able to perfect those skills of hitting you upside the head, or you know, getting hit with an elbow or it's one of those things that at some point, you're going to pay for it down the line. So everything's crumbling. ANNOUNCER . And bearing in mind that only six former NFL players have been examined for CTE, I find these results to be not only incredibly significant but profoundly disturbing. League of Denial: The NFL, Concussions, and the Battle for Truth is a 2013 work of investigative nonfiction by brothers Mark Fainaru-Wada and Steve Fainaru. Mark broke the Barry Bonds steroids story. I feel very privileged that someone has trusted me with this duty. But unfortunately, I was I was proven wrong, you know, that it wasn't meant to be that way. Paraphrasing content from first source . That's the way Mike Webster would say it, too. NARRATOR: In 2008, Dr. Ann McKee was a leading Alzheimer's researcher. He became depressed. STEVE YOUNG, San Francisco 49ers, 1987-99: And I describe it as the moment of impact, the moment when you actually have to go tackle somebody, it's really a game of will. But then, uncharacteristically, trouble. ANNOUNCER: This venerable stadium will be a wild scene tonight! PAM WEBSTER: Mike would call this his greatest battle. website to help you, but do not use citation generators. NARRATOR: And Goodell offered Dr. McKee something she needed even more than money brains. NEWSCASTER: If you had children who are 8, 10 and 12, would they play football? BOB FITZSIMMONS: The NFL had not only hired an investigator to look into this, they also hired their own doctor and said, "Hey, we want to evaluate Mike Webster.". STEVE FAINARU: The Disability Committee is part of the NFL. Jon and Jo Ann Hagler on behalf of the Jon L. Hagler Foundation. And they had asked players, or their representatives, their wives, "Have you been diagnosed by a physician as having Alzheimer's, dementia, or any other memory-related disease?"". but do not use citation generators.A textbook: The second edition of Psychology and Your Life by Robert S. Feldman written in 2013. . January 28, NARRATOR: Some researchers say Dr. McKee has examined only a limited sample of players and too few brains to justify her conclusions. I'm, like, "Who's Terry Long?" Answered over 90d ago. HARRY CARSON, Author, Captain For Life: I think everyone now has a better sense of what damage you can get from playing football. NARRATOR: And Dr. Omalu received his brain. The NARRATOR: And it had paid off. You know, that changes the game to me. Let me spend time with this brain. NEWSCASTER: Terry Long killed himself by drinking anti-freeze. "Yes, you won." And that is not scientifically valid data. Dr. MICKEY COLLINS, Univ. But from a neurological standpoint, you're going to have you're going to have some brain trauma. Now one of Casson's first moves, a public denial of Omalu's conclusions. They're on fire! That means denial. That's proven by the six-year study that we have and the research that's been done that looks at that issue intensively. Ready with slow motion and isolated. Dr. BENNET OMALU: The next thing, he said he doesn't want me touching his father's brain. ANNOUNCER: Speaking of color commentators. APA Activity 2: Citing Practice Create a reference page by citing the following sources in correct APA format. There's nobody in America who doesn't know what that means. If 10% of mothers in this country would begin to perceive football as a dangerous sport, that is the end of football. It was pretty obvious, actually, the first interview that he had some type of cognitive impairment. STAN SAVRAN, Pittsburgh Sports Reporter: This is a tough town. NARRATOR: Now Dr. McKee was joining a team of researchers to build on Dr. Omalu's discovery. He suffered countless head injuries. Said, "Oh, he's another NFL player. Dr. ROBERT CANTU: The papers started to make statements about multiple head injuries were not a problem in the NFL. And it just floored me. I'm really wondering, on some level, if every single football player doesn't have this. NARRATOR: The inspiration for the movie sports agent Jerry Maguire, Steinberg was a powerhouse alongside the new NFL. So I think we should be treating youths differently. And it would be freezing and he'd just be sitting there, just looking miserable. ANNOUNCER: Al, I've been there. In this case, it showed the prevalence of brain disorders was far higher among football players than the NFL anticipated. . His helmet went off. And she's told she's not allowed to enter the room. You've got the very real question being asked of whether the nature of playing the sport exposes you to brain damage and lots of science that suggests that it can. STEVE FAINARU: You know, putting a rheumatologist on the head of the committee that arguably was going to have more influence over brain research, you know, than any other any particular institution in the country at the time, you know, was, I think a lot of people felt, surprising. Year after year after year, at crisis after crisis after crisis, the concussions committee and its members assured the public that the league was looking into this. famous hollywood restaurants 1970s, biomedical science pr in australia, candidates for alameda county sheriff, Questions by tracking every officially reported head injury in the nation 's capital me come.: as Bailes left the meeting, he ran into New York Times reporter alan SCHWARZ going on? CANTU. 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